Lesson 1 Introducing Windows 7

Action Center: - An interactive information console in Windows 7 that replaces the Windows Vista Security Center. The name change is due to the fact that, in addition to security notifications, Action Center also displays alerts generated by other Windows 7 applications and services, including backups and problem reports.
Aero Peek: - A new feature of the Aero user interface that, when you mouse over the right end of the taskbar, causes Windows 7 to render all of the windows on the desktop transparent, enabling you to see any gadgets on the desktop underneath.
Aero Shake: - A new feature of the Aero user interface that, when you shake a window back and fourth, causes Windows 7 to Automatically minimize all of the windows other than the one you are shaking.
Aero Snap: - A new feature of the Aero user interface that, causes Windows 7 to automatically maximize a window when you drag it to the top of the screen.
BranchCache: - A wide area network caching feature, new to Windows 7, which enables computers at branch offices to maintain copies of files stored on remote servers, so that when other users need those files, they can access them locally.
DirectAccess: - A remote connection technology, new to Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2, which enables clients to connect invisibly to remote servers without the need to manually establish a connection or authenticate a user account.
Federated Search: - A new type of search in Windows 7 that enables users to perform searches on Windows SharePoint sites, intranets, and specific Internet sites, right from the Windows Explorer interfaces.
Jump list: - A context-sensitive menu that displays the most frequently used function of an icon on the taskbar or in the start menu.
Language-agnostic: - A term used to describe how the modular architecture of Windows 7 keeps all language-specific code in separate, relatively small modules that users can easily add to an existing installation. This eliminates the need for Microsoft to provide complete versions of the operating systems in different languages.
Libraries: - A new file system feature in Windows 7 that enables users to aggregate files on multiple computers into a single folder that makes them appear as though they are all on a local drive.
MinWin: - The common core module of Windows 7, which contains approximately 95 percent of the operating system functionality.
Problem Steps Recorder: - A Windows 7 tool that enables users and administrators to document the process that generated an error by tracking mouse movements and compiling a log of all actions leading up to the error.
ReadyBoost: - A feature first introduced in Windows Vista that enables the operating system to use the storage space on a USB flash drive as additional system memory. ReadyBoost uses a flash drive to store the SuperFetch cache, thereby freeing up the system memory where the cache would ordinarily be preloaded. Windows 7 supports larger ReadyBoost Caches and can use up to eight external storage devices simultaneously.
Starter GPOs
: - Administrative templates with preconfigured settings that administrators can use as a baseline for creating new Group Policy Objects.
VPN Reconnect: - A new virtual private networking feature that enables a Windows 7 VPN client to automatically and invisibly reconnect to a Windows Server 2008 R2 VPN server, should the connection be broken for any reason.
Wake on Wireless LAN: - A type of network packet filter that enables a computer in sleep mode to wake up on receipt of a specific message (called a magic packet) over a wireless network connection.
Windows PowerShell 2.0: - An improved version of the scripting engine and command line language for all of the Windows operating Systems. Using native commands and add-on modules, administrators can use Windows PowerShell 2.0 to perform almost any task from a command prompt. PowerShell also functions as a rich scripting language, enabling administrators to automate tasks and create logon and startup scripts.

Lesson 2 Installing Windows 7

Clean Installation: - A workstation operating system deployment method that is the simplest way to deploy Windows 7 on a new computer or a computer with a partition that you are willing to reformat (losing all of the data on the partition in the process). In a clean installation, you boot from the Windows 7 installation disk and create or select a blank partition where the operating system will reside.
Dual Boot: - A type of workstation operating system configuration that provides access to two independent operating system installations. In a dual boot environment, both operating systems are completely independent of each other, so restrictions regarding upgrade paths do not apply.
Multilingual user interface (MUI): - A set of language-specific files that allows individual users to change the user interface language of the Windows operating system according to their preferences, even on the same workstation or as a roaming user.
Side-by-side migration: - A type of user profile migration in which you run two computers simultaneously: one is the source computer containing the user profile information you want to transfer, and the other is the destination computer running Windows 7, to which you want to transfer the profile information. When you are performing a side-by-side migration, you can use Windows Easy Transfer with the computers connected directly, using a cable or a network, or connected indirectly, using a removable storage medium.
Windows Preinstallation Environment (PE) 3.0: - Windows 7, like Windows Vista, eliminates DOS from the installation process completely by supplying its own preinstallation environment called Windows PE 3.0. Windows PE is a subset of Windows 7 that provides basic access to the computer's network and disk drives, so that it is possible to perform in-place or network installations.
Windows Recovery (RE): - A technician launches Windows RE if a Windows 7 computer fails to start, or if it crashes repeatedly. Windows RE is simply another name given to Windows PE on a computer with Windows 7 already installed. In Windows RE environment, the technician can us Windows 7's built-in troubleshooting utilities or run third-party or custom diagnostic tools.
Wipe-and-Load Migration: - In a wipe-and-load migration, you have only one computer, which initially contains the user profile settings you want to transfer. After saving the profile information to a removable storage medium, you perform a clean Windows 7 installation, wiping out all data on the drives, and then you transfer the profile data from the removable medium back to the computer.

Lesson 3 Deploying Windows 7

AnswerFile: - An XML script that provides the Windows 7 Setup program with the information it needs to perform an unattended operating system installation.
Build-to-Order(BTO): - A type of image deployment, supported by Windows 7 Automated Installation Kit, in which administrators use an answer file to build the reference computer, deploying the resulting image on the target computers, and then boot the computers in audit mode to make further customizations.
Build-to-Plan(BTP): - A type of image deployment, supported by Windows 7 Automated Installation Kit, in which administrators build the reference computer using an answerfile and create an image, which they deploy to the target workstations unaltered.
Capture image: - A type of Windows Deployment Services image file that enables a computer to boot, capture an image of the local disk, and upload the image to a WDS server on the network.
Configuration passes: - A series of phases in the Windows 7 installation process. When you configure elements in an answer file, Windows SIM adds them to specific configuration passes,which dictate when in the installation process the setup program will configure that element.
Deployment Image Servicing and Management (DISM.exe): - A command line tool, included with Windows 7 and Windows 7 Automated Installation Kit, that you can use to mount, view, and modify Windows Imaging Files in their online or offline state.
Discover image: - A type of Windows Deployment Service Image file that enables computers without PXE-compliant network adapters to boot from a removable medium and access the WDS server over the network.
Image File: - A type of archive file format that contains a copy of the data stored on a computer's disk or disks.
ImageX.exe: - A command line tool, included in the Windows 7 Automated Installation Kit, which enables administrators to capture and service Windows Imaging Files.
Lite-touch installation(LTI): - One of two basic deployments that requires some interaction at the target workstation site, usually a simple matter of selecting the configuration to install.
Multicasting: - An IP communication method that transmits data to multiple destinations simultaneously, conserving network bandwidth in the process.
Reference computer: - A computer that administrators use as a mode from which to create customized windows Imaging Files.
System Preparation(Sysprep.exe): - A command line program, included in Windows 7 and Windows 7 Automated Installation Kit, that installers use to prepare Windows 7 computers for imaging, auditing, and deployment.
Task sequence: - A collection of scripts, created by the Deployment Workbench tool in Microsoft Deployment Toolkit 2010, that automates an entire operating system deployment, including pre- and post- installation tasks.
User State Migration Tool (USMT): - A set of two command line programs, ScanState.exe and LoadState.exe, which installers use to save user profile data from an existing workstation and restore that data to a newly-installed computer running Windows 7.
Windows System Image Manager (SIM): - A graphical tool, included in Windows 7 Automated Installation Kit, which enables administrators to create properly formatted XML answerfiles for unattended operating system installations.
Zero-touch installation (ZTI): - requires no interaction to the target workstation site.

Lesson 4 Working with Disks and Devices

Basic Disk: - A windows disk designation that calls for the use of primary partitions, extended partitions, and logical drives to organize data.
Diskpart.exe: - A command line program that manages disk partitions and volumes, and which includes some capabilities not found in the Disk Management snap-in.
Dynamic disk: - A windows disk designation describing an alternative to the basic disk that consists of a single partition occupying the entire disk and containing an unlimited number of volumes in that partition space.
exFAT (extended file allocation table): - A 64-bit version of the file allocation table file system designed for use on large USB flash drives.
FAT (file allocation table): - A 16-bit file system for hard disks that is limited to partitions no larger than 4 gigabytes.
FAT32: - A 32-bit version of the file allocation table file system that supports partitions up to 32 gigabytes in size.
Globally unique identifier (GUID): - A 128-bit hexadecimal value that Windows uses to identify a particular operating system component.
GUID (globally unique identifier) partition table (GPT): - A disk partition sytle available in Windows Vista and Windows 7 that supports up to 128 partitions per disk and stores critical data in partitions, rather than hidden sectors.
Master boot record (MBR): - A disk partition style supported by all versions of Windows that allows up to four primary partitions or three primary partitions and one extended partitions.
Mirrored Volume: - A type of hard disk volume that consists of an equal amount of space from two dynamic disks, which contain identical copies of the data copies of the stored data. If one disk fails, the data remains accessible from the other disk.
Native Boot: - A feature in Windows 7 Enterprise and Ultimate editions that enable the computer to boot from a virtual hard disk (VHD) file.
NTFS: - A 32-bit file system that supports larger volumes that FAT and features such as access permissions, compression, and encryption.
Simple Volume: - A type of hard disk volume that consists of space from a single disk.
Striped volume: - A type of hard disk volume that consists of space from at least two, to a maximum of 32, physical disks, all of which must be dynamic disks. The difference between a striped volume and a spanned volume is that in a striped volume, the system writes data one strip at a time to each successive disk in the volume.
Virtual Hard Disk(VHD): - A file format that contains the entire contents of a hard disk in a single, portable file that administrators can use to move entire virtual machines (VMs) from one host computer to another. In the logical environment of virtual machines, a VHD functions exactly like a hard disk drive does in a physical machine.

Lesson 5 Connecting to a Network

8P8C connectors: - The technical term for a type of modular cable connector used on data networks constructed with unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cabling.
classless inter‐domain routing (CIDR): - A method of dividing a network IP address into subnets by designating some number of its host bits as network bits. CIDR differs from traditional classful addressing by allowing the division between the network identifier and the host identifier to fall anywhere in an IPv4 address; it does not have to fall on one of the eight-bit boundaries.
connectionless protocol: - A communication protocol used in data networking that does not require the establishment of a connection before it can transfer data. Systems simply transmit their packets to the destination, without knowing if the destination system is ready to accept data, or if it even exists. Connectionless protocols do not guarantee delivery of their data, but they operate with a very low overhead that conserves network bandwidth.
connection‐oriented protocol: - A communication protocol used in data networking in which two communicating systems establish a connection before they transmit any data. Once the connection is established, the computers exchange packets with complex headers designed to provide error detection and correction. A connection-oriented protocol ensures bit-perfect data transmissions, but at the price of greatly increased overhead.
data encapsulation: - The process by which networking protocols add headers and sometimes footers to an existing data structure to provide it with addressing information and other function-specific values.
Datagram: - A data structure generated by a network layer protocol such as Internet Protocol, consisting of transport layer data with a header containing an IP address and other communications information.
Firewall: - A software routine that acts as a virtual barrier between a computer and the network to which it is attached. A firewall is essentially a filter that enables a certain types of incoming and outgoing traffic to pass through, while blocking other types.
Frame: - A data structure generated by a data link protocol such as IEEE 802.3, consisting of network layer data with a header and a footer containing a MAC address and other communications information.
Internet Protocol (IP): - A network layer protocol in the TCP/IP suite that provides end-to-end addressing and other communication services.
IP (Internet Protocol) address: - A unique 32-bit numeric address used as an identifier for a device, such as a computer, on a TCP/IP network.
Link Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR): - A name resolution protocol used by IPv6 computers with link-local addresses that do not have access to a Domain Name System (DNS) server.
media access control (MAC) addresses: - A six-byte hexadecimal sequence, hard-coded into each network interface adapter by the manufacturer, used by data link layer protocols to uniquely identify a computer on a local area network.
network address translation (NAT): - A type of routing protocol that enables multiple computers on a private network to share one public IP address.
open systems interconnection (OSI) reference model: - A theoretical teaching and design aid that splits the data networking process into seven distinct layers, each of which provides specific functions.
packet‐switching networks: - A type of communications network in which a sending system splits data into discrete units called packets, which it transmits individually to the destination system. The destination system then reassembles the packets back into the original data stream.
Ports: - In TCP/IP networking, a code that identifies a particular application running on a computer, used to forward incoming traffic to the proper destination process.
Protocols: - A collection of communication rules that enable computers to communicate with each other.
Router: - A device that connects one network to another
Socket: - The combination of an IP address and a port number, expressed using the format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:yyyy
stateless address autoconfiguration: - An IPv6 address assignment technique that enables computers to configure their own addresses after transmitting router solicitation multicasts to the routers on the network and receiving router advertisement messages in return.
subnet mask: - In TCP/IP networking, a 32-bit value that specifies which bits of an IP address form the network identifier and which bits form the host identifier.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP): - A connection-oriented transport layer protocol that provides services such as guaranteed delivery and error protection for data transmissions that must be bit perfect.
unshielded twisted pair (UTP): - A type of cable consisting of a number of wire pairs, each individually twisted and all enclosed in a sheath. UTP cable is often used for voice and data communications.

Lesson 6 Sharing

access control entries (ACEs): - An individual permission assignment in an access control list, consisting of a security principal and the specific permissions assigned to that security principal.
access control list (ACL): - An attribute of a Windows operating system element, such as a file, a printer, or a registry entry, which consists of a collection of individual permission assignments, in the form of access control entries (ACEs).
effective permissions: - The combination of permissions affecting a security principal's access to a protected resource, whether derived from explicit permission assignments, permission inheritance, or group memberships.
NTFS permissions
: - A system by which administrators control access to the files and folders stored on disk volumes formatted with the NTFS file system. To access a file, whether on the local system or over a network, a user must have the appropriate NTFS permissions.
print device: - A type of hardware device, connected to a computer or a network, which produces hard copy documents on paper or other print media.
Printer: - The software interface through which a computer communicates with a print device. Windows 7 supports numerous interfaces, including parallel (LPT), serial (COM), USB, IEEE1394, Infrared Data Access (IrDA), Bluetooth, and TCP/IP ports, as well as network printing services such as 1pr. And Internet Printing Protocol (IPP).
printer control language (PCL): - A communications protocol that computers and print devices use to exchange information about print jobs and device status. Each printer is associated with a print driver that takes the commands generated by an application and converts them into the printer's PCL.
printer driver: - A device driver that converts the print jobs generated by applications into an appropriate string of commands for a specific print device. Printer drivers are designed for specific print device and provide applications with access to all of the print device's features.
print server: - A computer (or standalone device) that receives print jobs from clients and sends them to print devices that are either locally attached or connected to the network.
security principal: - The name of the user, group, or computer being granted permissions.

Windows 7 Configuration - MCTS 70-680

Pages

MOAC - Key Terms

Lesson 1 Introducing Windows 7

Lesson 2 Installing Windows 7

Lesson 3 Deploying Windows 7

Lesson 4 Working with Disks and Devices

Lesson 5 Connecting to a Network

Lesson 6 Sharing

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